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Asset Ownership in India
December 23 , 2025
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- India’s poorest households are increasingly buying durable goods like bikes, cars, and refrigerators.
- Mobile phones are now nearly universal across all households.
- Ownership of motor vehicles among the bottom 40% (B40) has risen from less than 10% a decade ago to almost 50% in rural areas.
- Refrigerators are becoming common, especially in urban B40 households, though rural ownership remains low in some states like Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, and Chhattisgarh.
- Spending on non-food items, especially durables, has increased while food expenditure has decreased.
- Ownership gaps between the bottom 40% (B40) and top 20% (T20) have narrowed, especially in urban areas.
- Access to vehicles is aided by better road connectivity, market access, and easier finance options.
- Rising durable ownership reflects improved living standards, productivity, and mobility, and reduces “asset poverty.”
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