G20 leaders at the Johannesburg summit adopted a 122-point joint declaration, despite a boycott by the United States.
The declaration was unusually adopted at the start of the summit, rather than at the end.
It strongly condemned terrorism “in all its forms and manifestations.”
The document reaffirmed that no country should use force or threats to change internationally recognised borders, aligning with UN principles.
It emphasized solidarity, equality, and sustainability, calling for multilateral cooperation, climate action, disaster resilience, and debt sustainability.