TNPSC Thervupettagam

India’s Population Shift

December 4 , 2025 16 hrs 0 min 18 0
  • According to the Indian Association for the Study of Population (IASP), India’s population is expected to stabilise by 2080 at about 1.8 to 1.9 billion.
  • The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has dropped from 3.5 in 2000 to 1.9 in 2025, which is below the replacement level of 2.1.
  • Higher development, better education, and increased female literacy have helped reduce the fertility rate.
  • States such as Kerala and West Bengal now have very low fertility levels, with TFRs of about 1.5 and 1.3.
  • Life expectancy is rising and creating a larger elderly population that needs more care.

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