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India–ISA on PMS Pact
September 20 , 2025
14 hrs 0 min
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- India has signed a 15-year contract with the International Seabed Authority (ISA) for exploration of polymetallic sulphides (PMS) in the Carlsberg Ridge.
- This is India’s third exploration contract with ISA and second for PMS.
- The Carlsberg Ridge lies in the Arabian Sea and spans an area of 3,00,000 square kilometres.
- It forms a tectonic boundary between the Indian and Arabian plates and extends to the Owen fracture zone.
- This is the first global licence granted for PMS exploration in the Carlsberg Ridge.
- PMS are ocean-floor deposits rich in copper, zinc, gold, and silver, formed by hydrothermal activity.
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