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India’s Next Census
June 10 , 2025
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- India will count its population by March 1, 2027, in a census to be held after an unprecedented 16-year gap.
- The Office of the Registrar General of India under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs conducts the census.
- It will be India’s first digital Census and will include an enumeration of castes for the first time in Independent India.
- Only two categories, the Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) tables, has been counted so far.
- The census will be conducted in two phases by February 28, 2027 and the data will have a reference date of 12 a.m. on March 1, 2027.
- For the Union Territory of Ladakh and the non-synchronous snow-bound areas of the UT of Jammu and Kashmir and the States of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, the reference date for the population count will be 12 a.m. on October 1, 2026.
- The last census was held in 2011.
- The subsequent exercise scheduled to take place in 2021 was delayed indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- As per the constitutional mandate, the first census after 2026 can be used as the basis to redraw Lok Sabha constituencies.
- India’s census is conducted under the provisions of the Census Act, 1948 and the Census Rules, 1990.
- It will be completed in two phases: first, the house listing and housing schedule; and then, the population enumeration.
- There was no announcement on updating the National Population Register (NPR).
- The population register was to be updated during the first phase of the planned 2021 census.
- According to the Citizenship Rules 2003, the NPR is the first step towards the compilation of a National Register of Indian Citizens (NRIC/NRC).
- The National Population Register (NPR) was last updated in 2015.
- The first NPR was created in 2010, and the data was subsequently updated in 2015 through a door-to-door survey.
- It has a database of 119 crore residents.
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