The WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) Living Planet Report 2026 found a 73% decline in the average population sizes of monitored vertebrates between 1970 and 2022.
The Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), tracks 35,803 population trends of 5,790 vertebrate species.
The highest decline was recorded in freshwater ecosystems (85%), followed by terrestrial (69%) and marine ecosystems (59%).
Major drivers include habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, invasive species, pollution and disease.
Global wild tiger numbers increased from about 3,200 in 2010 to 5,700 in 2025.