The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) are developing a new lunar lander in 2026 that can operate on the Moon for 100-200 days.
The project aims to extend lander operations beyond the 14-day mission life of Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander.
A lunar day and a lunar night each last about 14 Earth days, and lunar night temperatures can fall below -100°C.
ISRO is developing artificial heating systems to protect electronics, batteries, and scientific instruments during the long lunar night.
The Vikram lander of Chandrayaan-3 landed near the Moon's south pole on 23 August 2023 and operated for one lunar day using solar power.