China approved a 60-gigawatt hydropower project at the Great Bend in Medog County in the Tibet Autonomous Region.
The river originates in Tibet as Yarlung Zangbo and flows through India, Bhutan and Bangladesh before draining into the Bay of Bengal.
All four riparian countries have planned water infrastructure projects, including dams, embankments, irrigation systems and barrages.
China and India lack a bilateral river-sharing treaty despite having the Expert Level Mechanism (ELM) since 2006 for hydrological data sharing.
The Brahmaputra basin lies in an active seismic zone with the 1950 Assam-Tibet earthquake centred at Medog, causing widespread floods and devastation down stream.