The Revolt of 1857 began at Meerut on May 10, 1857, and spread to several parts of northern and central India.
Major causes included British political annexations, economic exploitation, heavy taxation, discrimination against Indian soldiers and interference in Indian social and religious practices.
The immediate cause was the introduction of Enfield rifle cartridges, which were believed to be greased with cow and pig fat, offending both Hindu and Muslim soldiers.
Important leaders included Mangal Pandey, Rani Lakshmibai, Bahadur Shah Zafar, Nana Sahib, Tantia Tope and Begum Hazrat Mahal.
The revolt was suppressed by the British in 1858.
The Government of India Act, 1858 ended East India Company rule and transferred the administration of India to the British Crown.
The Ambala memorial, built at a cost of ₹594 crore across 22 acres, honours the people who participated in the 1857 uprising.