The United Nations Environment Programme released the report titled ‘Sand and Sustainability: An Essential Resource for Nature and Development’.
The report states that sand is the most extracted solid material in the world after water, with global consumption reaching about 50 billion tonnes annually in 2020.
Sand mining involves the extraction of sand from riverbeds, beaches, and sea beds mainly for construction and industrial purposes.
Excessive sand mining leads to riverbed degradation, groundwater depletion, biodiversity loss, and coastal erosion.
The report recommends promoting Manufactured Sand (M-Sand), stronger regulation, and protection of ecologically sensitive areas from mining.