PM Modi highlighted “Security, Connectivity and Opportunity” as key pillars and called for dismantling the entire terrorism ecosystem, including financing, recruitment, radicalisation and safe havens.
He stressed dialogue and diplomacy to resolve conflicts and called for a peaceful resolution to the Russia-Ukraine and West Asian conflicts.
India also held bilateral engagements with Russia, China, Iran, Mongolia and Tajikistan during the summit.
The SCO originated as the “Shanghai Five” in 1996 and became the SCO in 2001; India and Pakistan joined in 2017, Iran in 2023 and Belarus in 2024.