The Bonnard standard, from Bonnard vs Perryman (1891, UK), restricts courts from granting injunctions unless the defendant clearly cannot justify the alleged defamation.
The Supreme Court of India reaffirmed this standard in 2024 by striking down an ex parte injunction against Bloomberg.
The Court ruled that injunctions should be granted only when not granting them causes greater injustice.
A Delhi court’s ex parte gag order against journalists in the Adani defamation case violated this standard by imposing prior restraint without hearing the defence.
Such prior restraint violates Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees freedom of speech subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2).
The Supreme Court has repeatedly condemned ex parte injunctions that threaten free speech and the public’s right to know.