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Social Divide in Madras Pyall Schools
August 10 , 2025
15 hrs 0 min
19
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- The 1871 Educational Census of Madras Presidency highlighted sharp caste and class divisions in pyall schools.
- Upper-caste children had elaborate admission rituals with religious ceremonies and gifts to Brahmin teachers.
- Teachers in wealthy areas earned between five and twenty-five rupees monthly based on student numbers and gifts.
- Poor children had no entry rituals and paid one to two annas only after learning the alphabet.
- Teachers in poor schools earned between five to ten rupees per month from minimal fees and gifts.
- Muslim schools charged no monthly fee, with teachers relying solely on voluntary gifts during chapters and festivals.
- The term "pyall" can refer to different things depending on the context.
- It most commonly refers to a raised platform or veranda commonly found in Indian homes.
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