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SRS 2023 report
September 9 , 2025
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- As per the Sample Registration Survey (SRS) Statistical Report 2023, India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) dropped to 1.9 in 2023.
- It is falling below the replacement level of 2.1 for the first time in two years.
- The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) declined from 19.1 in 2022 to 18.4 in 2023.
- Bihar recorded the highest CBR at 25.8 and the highest TFR at 2.8 among larger States, while Tamil Nadu had the lowest CBR at 12.
- Delhi reported the lowest TFR at 1.2, followed by West Bengal (1.3), Tamil Nadu (1.3), and Maharashtra (1.4).
- A total of 18 States and Union Territories had TFRs below the replacement level of 2.1 in 2023.
- The Crude Death Rate declined to 6.4 in 2023, down by 0.4 points from the previous year.
- The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) dropped by 1 point in 2023 to 25 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- The Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) improved to 917 girls per 1,000 boys, with Kerala and Chhattisgarh reporting the highest SRB at 971 and 974, respectively.
- Uttarakhand had the lowest SRB at 868, and Bihar’s SRB rose slightly to 897 after falling from 964 in 2020.
- The elderly population (60 years and above) increased to 9.7% nationally, with Kerala recording the highest proportion at 15%.
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