TNPSC Thervupettagam

Vanuatu and the International Court of Justice

July 27 , 2025 12 hrs 0 min 20 0
  • The Pacific nation of Vanuatu has played a key role in bringing a climate change case to the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
  • The case was led by the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu.
  • And it is backed by more than 130 countries.
  • It was seeking an advisory opinion on the legal obligations of countries regarding climate change.
  • The U.N.'s top court delivers a landmark decision on tackling climate change.
  • It is delivering an advisory opinion about nations’ obligations to tackle climate change and its consequences.
  • It said that the countries could violate international law if they fail to take measures to protect the planet from climate change.
  • Though the verdict is non-binding, it could reshape international climate law.
  • All UN member states, including major greenhouse gas emitters like the United States and China, are parties to the court.
  • The US and Russia, both of which are major petroleum-producing states.
  • They are staunchly opposed to the court mandating emissions reductions.
  • Last year, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that countries must better protect their people from the consequences of climate change.
  • In 2019, the Netherlands’ Supreme Court handed down the first major legal win for climate activists.
  • For Vanuatu, this case is not politics.
  • It is a plea for justice, for dignity, and for the right to exist.
  • Vanuatu is an archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean.
  • It is a part of Melanesia
  • It is situated east of northern Australia and west of Fiji.
  • These islands are of volcanic origin.
  • They feature mountainous terrains and coastal plains.

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