TNPSC Thervupettagam

Evaporation of Monsoon

July 24 , 2026 15 hrs 0 min 114 0
  • Approximately 25% of India's monsoon rain mass evaporates mid-air before ever touching the ground.
  • It was a recent study by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune.
  • The mid-air loss is dictated primarily by localised atmospheric factors like ambient temperature, heat, and dry air.
  • While the average mid-air loss sits at 25%, the exact evaporation rate fluctuates wildly from day to day—ranging from 4% up to 61% depending on ambient weather conditions.
  • When water evaporates, lighter water molecules escape into the air first.
  • This leaves the remaining falling raindrop highly enriched with heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes.
  • India's 25% mid-air evaporation rate sits on the lower end of global baselines.
  • The primary measurements were gathered over the northern Western Ghats and Pune during the Southwest monsoon season.

 

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