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India’s Population Shift
December 4 , 2025
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- According to the Indian Association for the Study of Population (IASP), India’s population is expected to stabilise by 2080 at about 1.8 to 1.9 billion.
- The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has dropped from 3.5 in 2000 to 1.9 in 2025, which is below the replacement level of 2.1.
- Higher development, better education, and increased female literacy have helped reduce the fertility rate.
- States such as Kerala and West Bengal now have very low fertility levels, with TFRs of about 1.5 and 1.3.
- Life expectancy is rising and creating a larger elderly population that needs more care.
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