The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that global greenhouse gas concentrations reached record levels in 2025.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) reached 426.8 parts per million (ppm), methane (CH₄) 1,948 parts per billion (ppb) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) 339.1 ppb.
Their levels were respectively 53%, 167% and 26% above pre-industrial levels.
CO₂ contributed about 81% of the increase in warming caused by long-lived greenhouse gases between 1990 and 2025.
Methane mainly comes from agriculture, waste and fossil-fuel activities, while nitrous oxide is linked to fertilisers, biomass burning and industrial processes.
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆), used in electrical equipment, has a global warming potential about 24,300 times that of CO₂ over 100 years.