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Vanuatu and the International Court of Justice
July 27 , 2025
100 days
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- The Pacific nation of Vanuatu has played a key role in bringing a climate change case to the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
- The case was led by the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu.
- And it is backed by more than 130 countries.
- It was seeking an advisory opinion on the legal obligations of countries regarding climate change.
- The U.N.'s top court delivers a landmark decision on tackling climate change.
- It is delivering an advisory opinion about nations’ obligations to tackle climate change and its consequences.
- It said that the countries could violate international law if they fail to take measures to protect the planet from climate change.
- Though the verdict is non-binding, it could reshape international climate law.
- All UN member states, including major greenhouse gas emitters like the United States and China, are parties to the court.
- The US and Russia, both of which are major petroleum-producing states.
- They are staunchly opposed to the court mandating emissions reductions.
- Last year, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that countries must better protect their people from the consequences of climate change.
- In 2019, the Netherlands’ Supreme Court handed down the first major legal win for climate activists.
- For Vanuatu, this case is not politics.
- It is a plea for justice, for dignity, and for the right to exist.
- Vanuatu is an archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean.
- It is a part of Melanesia
- It is situated east of northern Australia and west of Fiji.
- These islands are of volcanic origin.
- They feature mountainous terrains and coastal plains.
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